SUBJECT 06VERIFIEDCLAIM / EVIDENCE
FINDING
DOCUMENTED FABRICATIONS

Documented hoaxes and forgeries: 3 calculations

The evidence was manufactured.

A false ancestor, a buried giant and a constructed mermaid. Here the fabrication is the finding, and the objects preserve the means by which it was done.

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A plain grayscale stack of archival documentsSOMETIMES THE FABRICATION IS IN THE RECORD.

The investigations

03 CASE FILES

In this file

03 BRIEFINGS
FILE 06 / 01

Piltdown’s assembled ancestor

The observation

Skull fragments and an ape-like jaw were presented together as an early human ancestor.

The claim

The material belonged to a single evolutionary missing link.

The finding

The assemblage combined human remains with orangutan material. Teeth had been filed and bones artificially stained. Tests exposed the mismatch; later imaging and genetic work traced the preparation of the forged evidence.

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FILE 06 / 02

The giant planted in the ground

The observation

A large human-shaped object was dug out of the ground at Cardiff in New York.

The claim

The discovery was a petrified giant.

The finding

The figure had been carved from gypsum, shipped to the site and buried before its arranged discovery. The excavation was part of the deception. The surviving object is the manufactured evidence itself.

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FILE 06 / 03

The mermaid with a materials list

The observation

A preserved creature in the Peabody collection combines a humanoid upper body with a fish-like tail.

The claim

The specimen demonstrates that mermaids exist.

The finding

The museum’s specimen is a composite made with animal parts, clay and papier-mâché. It is one of several Feejee mermaid constructions; its presence in a collection records the fabrication rather than a marine species.

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